Jordanian Women’s Performance in Global Indices (2018–2024)
This study is part of the analytical research series published by the Performance Index Center | KAFA’A. It aims to provide a comprehensive assessment of Jordan’s progress in empowering women across educational, economic, political, and entrepreneurial domains from 2018 to 2024.
The study relies on national and international data to track Jordan’s position in global indices and analyze achievements and ongoing challenges in various areas of women’s empowerment. It also reviews the reforms and initiatives that have contributed to this progress, highlighting persistent barriers to achieving full gender equality in the labor market and leadership positions. The study emphasizes the importance of women’s empowerment in enhancing national economic growth and achieving sustainable development, while ensuring equal opportunities for all.
Key Findings:
- Education: Jordanian women maintained steady progress in educational attainment, surpassing men in higher education enrollment, with the female-to-male enrollment ratio reaching 1.34 in 2024, while literacy rates rose to 0.994.
- Legal Reforms: The Women, Business and the Law (WBL) index increased from 35 points in 2019 to 59.4 points in 2024, reflecting legislative and regulatory reforms that supported women’s access to work, entrepreneurship, and financial services.
- Gender Gap: Jordan’s ranking in the Global Gender Gap Index improved from 138th in 2018 to 123rd in 2024, showing notable progress in education and political empowerment, with limited improvement in the economic dimension.
- Leadership and Decision-Making: Women’s participation in ministerial and administrative positions rose from 7.1% to 22.22%, while parliamentary representation remained below expectations (11.5% to 19.6%).
- Entrepreneurship: There was a steady increase in women-led enterprises, particularly in services, education, and technology sectors, supported by business incubators, startup programs, and the growth of e-commerce opportunities.
- Wages and Governance: Gender wage gaps persist, and challenges remain in implementing laws on the ground, especially outside the capital, highlighting the need to expand financial and technical support for women.
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